Treatment for this condition is based on the type of symptoms – whether mild, moderate or severe. Long-term exposure to air-borne irritants including – tobacco smoke, marijuana smoke, air pollution and other chemical fumes and dust are the main factors that cause the obstructive pulmonary disease. Generally, people with emphysema also have chronic bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchial tubes) which leads to persistent cough. Regarded as a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the condition can cause chronic cough and difficulty in breathing. This in turn reduces the surface area of the lungs and the amount of oxygen that reaches your blood stream. In people with emphysema, the air sacs (the inner walls of the lungs-alveoli) get damaged, stretched and rupture – creating larger air spaces. Emphysema is a long-term, progressive disease of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath.
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